{"id":99045,"date":"2018-03-02T20:16:50","date_gmt":"2018-03-02T23:16:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?page_id=99045"},"modified":"2023-04-15T20:31:20","modified_gmt":"2023-04-15T23:31:20","slug":"problemao-calcule-o-determinante","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/problemao-calcule-o-determinante\/","title":{"rendered":".Problem\u00e3o: Calcule o determinante"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:35px;\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:20px;margin:10px\">Problema<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:12px;color:#800000\"> (Indicado a partir do 2\u00ba ano do E. M.)<\/span><\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p>Sejam<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\qquad D=\\left[\\begin{array}{ccc} 2 &#038;0&#038;0\\\\0&#038;-3&#038;0\\\\0&#038;0&#038;4\\end{array}\\right]\\qquad [\/tex] <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:20px\">\n<p>[tex]\\qquad \\qquad  P=\\left[\\begin{array}{ccc} 3 &#038;0&#038;-1\\\\0&#038;5&#038;0\\\\3&#038;0&#038;4\\end{array}\\right][\/tex]<br \/>\ne considere<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\qquad A=P^{-1}DP.[\/tex]<br \/>\nDetermine [tex]det(A^2+A)[\/tex].<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:20px\">\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:30px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:35px;\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:28px;margin:10px\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o <\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p>Em vez de calcularmos a matriz [tex]A[\/tex], a matriz [tex]A^2[\/tex], a matriz [tex]A^2+A[\/tex]  e depois o determinante desta \u00faltima, iremos aplicar duas propriedades de matrizes quadradas quaisquer para simplificar as contas. Tal procedimento \u00e9 \u00fatil em situa\u00e7\u00f5es com matrizes como as do enunciado.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Teorema de Binet:<\/strong> Se [tex]M[\/tex] e [tex]N[\/tex] s\u00e3o matrizes quadradas de mesma ordem, ent\u00e3o<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\qquad \\boxed{det(M\\cdot N)=det (M)\\cdot det(N)} \\, .[\/tex]<\/li>\n<li>Se [tex]M[\/tex] \u00e9 uma matriz quadrada cujo determinante \u00e9 diferente de zero, ent\u00e3o<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\qquad \\boxed{det(M^{-1})=\\dfrac{1}{det(M)}}.[\/tex]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vamos l\u00e1! Temos que:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad A^2=A\\cdot A=\\left(P^{-1}DP\\right)\\cdot\\left( P^{-1}DP\\right)=P^{-1}D(PP^{-1})DP=P^{-1}D^2P[\/tex]<br \/>\nlogo:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad A^2+A=P^{-1}D^2P+P^{-1}DP=P^{-1}(D^2+D)P[\/tex].<br \/>\nAssim, utilizando as duas propriedades citadas, segue que:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\begin{align*} det(A^2+A)&#038;=det(P^{-1}(D^2+D)P)\\\\<br \/>\n&#038;=det(P^{-1})\\cdot det(D^2+D)\\cdot det(P)\\\\<br \/>\n&#038;=\\dfrac{1}{\\cancel{det(P)}}\\cdot det(D^2+D)\\cdot \\cancel{det(P)}\\\\<br \/>\n&#038;=det(D^2+D) \\, . \\end{align*}[\/tex]<br \/>\nAgora, observe que:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad D^2+D=\\left[\\begin{array}{ccc} 4 &#038;0&#038;0\\\\0&#038;9&#038;0\\\\0&#038;0&#038;16\\end{array}\\right]+\\left[\\begin{array}{ccc} 2 &#038;0&#038;0\\\\0&#038;-3&#038;0\\\\0&#038;0&#038;4\\end{array}\\right]=\\left[\\begin{array}{ccc} 6 &#038;0&#038;0\\\\0&#038;6&#038;0\\\\0&#038;0&#038;20\\end{array}\\right][\/tex],<\/p>\n<p>e como [tex]D^2+D[\/tex] \u00e9 uma matriz diagonal, tem-se que:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\fcolorbox{black}{#eee0e5}{$det(A^2+A)$}=det(D^2+D)=6\\times 6\\times 20=\\fcolorbox{black}{#eee0e5}{$720$} \\, .[\/tex]<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"g2\" style=\"line-height:20px;\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o elaborada pelos <strong>Moderadores do Blog<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Problema (Indicado a partir do 2\u00ba ano do E. M.) Sejam [tex]\\qquad \\qquad D=\\left[\\begin{array}{ccc} 2 &#038;0&#038;0\\\\0&#038;-3&#038;0\\\\0&#038;0&#038;4\\end{array}\\right]\\qquad [\/tex] [tex]\\qquad \\qquad P=\\left[\\begin{array}{ccc} 3 &#038;0&#038;-1\\\\0&#038;5&#038;0\\\\3&#038;0&#038;4\\end{array}\\right][\/tex] e considere [tex]\\qquad \\qquad A=P^{-1}DP.[\/tex] Determine [tex]det(A^2+A)[\/tex]. Solu\u00e7\u00e3o Em vez de calcularmos a matriz [tex]A[\/tex], a matriz [tex]A^2[\/tex], a matriz [tex]A^2+A[\/tex] e depois o determinante desta \u00faltima, iremos aplicar duas propriedades de matrizes &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/problemao-calcule-o-determinante\/\">Continue lendo<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":620,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-onecolumn.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-99045","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate","item-wrap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/99045","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/620"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=99045"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/99045\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":187242,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/99045\/revisions\/187242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99045"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}