{"id":73805,"date":"2017-03-12T21:57:38","date_gmt":"2017-03-13T00:57:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?page_id=73805"},"modified":"2023-05-21T02:16:37","modified_gmt":"2023-05-21T05:16:37","slug":"problema-para-ajudar-na-escola-construindo-pentagonos","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/problema-para-ajudar-na-escola-construindo-pentagonos\/","title":{"rendered":".Problema para ajudar na escola: Construindo pent\u00e1gonos"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"g2\" ><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?p=191243\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">&#9999; <span style=\"color:#915F6D;font-size:14px;\">Link do problema para dispositivos da <em>Apple<\/em>.<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:25px;\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:25px;margin:10px\">Problema<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:12px;color:#00BF00\"> (A partir do 9\u00ba ano do E. F.) <span style=\"font-weight: normal;\"> (N\u00edvel: M\u00e9dio)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\nComo podemos construir um pent\u00e1gono regular com lados medindo [tex]4 \\, [\/tex]cm, usando apenas uma r\u00e9gua e um transferidor, al\u00e9m de, obviamente, l\u00e1pis, papel e borracha&#8230; ?<br \/>\nJustifique os passos da constru\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/p9.png\" style=\"border: none;alt=\"p9\" width=\"336\" height=\"319\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-69230\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/p9.png 336w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/p9-300x285.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:30px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:30px;\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:30px;margin:10px\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o <\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\nNa constru\u00e7\u00e3o do pent\u00e1gono s\u00f3 poderemos utilizar como instrumentos de constru\u00e7\u00e3o uma r\u00e9gua e um transferidor; assim, com a r\u00e9gua tra\u00e7aremos os lados do pent\u00e1gono e com o transferidor mediremos os seus \u00e2ngulos internos. Os lados sabemos que medem [tex]4 \\, [\/tex]cm cada; mas quanto mede cada \u00e2ngulo interno de um pent\u00e1gono regular?<br \/>\nA resposta \u00e9 simples para quem conhece a soma das medidas dos \u00e2ngulos internos de um pent\u00e1gono, que denotaremos por [tex]S_5[\/tex].<br \/>\n<span style=\"padding-left:30px; color: #800000;\">&#10148;<\/span> Como [tex]S_5=540^{\\circ}[\/tex] e o pent\u00e1gono \u00e9 regular, ent\u00e3o os seus cinco \u00e2ngulos internos t\u00eam a mesma medida:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\qquad a_i=\\dfrac{540^{\\circ}}{5}=108^{\\circ}[\/tex].<br \/>\nPronto! Voc\u00ea j\u00e1 est\u00e1 apto(a) a fazer a constru\u00e7\u00e3o do pent\u00e1gono.<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 30px; margin-bottom: 8px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<hr style=\"height:6px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 30px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"ti3\" style=\"margin:20px; line-height:30px;\">\nPrecisa de uma ajudinha?<br \/>\nClique no bot\u00e3o abaixo, aguarde o aplicativo carregar<br \/>\n e veja um gif animado da constru\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:20px\">\n<div style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<input  value=\"Ver o gif\" type=\"button\" class=\"buts1 c3\"  onclick=    \"if(this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display != ''){this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = '';this.value = 'Ocultar o gif';} else{this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = 'none'; this.value = 'Ver o gif';}\"\/>   <\/p>\n<div style=\"display: none;\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/p9_13.gif\" alt=\"p9_13\" width=\"440\" height=\"444\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-74093\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 30px; margin-bottom: 8px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<hr style=\"height:6px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 30px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"ti3\" style=\"margin:20px; line-height:30px;\">Precisa de mais ajuda?<br \/>\nEnt\u00e3o utilize um applet.<br \/>\n\u00c9 s\u00f3 clicar no pr\u00f3ximo bot\u00e3o e seguir as instru\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:20px\">\n<div style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<input  value=\"Usar o applet\" type=\"button\" class=\"buts1 c3\"  onclick=    \"if(this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display != ''){this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = '';this.value = 'Ocultar o applet';} else{this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = 'none'; this.value = 'Usar o applet';}\"\/>   <\/p>\n<div class=\"g1 cb33\" style=\"display: none;line-height:30px;text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"text-align:left;margin:20px;\">\n<strong>Instru\u00e7\u00f5es:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>1)<\/strong> Aguarde o aplicativo carregar completamente.<br \/>\n<strong>2)<\/strong> Clique ordenadamente nos quadradinhos at\u00e9 completar a constru\u00e7\u00e3o.<br \/>\n<strong>3)<\/strong> Para reiniciar a constru\u00e7\u00e3o, clique nas setinhas que aparecem no canto superior direito do <em>applet<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Para carregar o applet, clique <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.geogebra.org\/material\/iframe\/id\/EVQJEpF8\/width\/756\/height\/682\/border\/800000\/smb\/false\/stb\/false\/stbh\/false\/ai\/false\/asb\/false\/sri\/true\/rc\/false\/ld\/false\/sdz\/false\/ctl\/false\" target=\"ap1\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>AQUI<\/strong><\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<iframe  name=\"ap1\"  width=\"756\" height=\"682\" style=\"border: 3px solid #800000;\"> <\/iframe><br \/>\nOBMEP_ srdg, criado com o <a href=\"http:\/\/www.geogebra.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">GeoGebra<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 30px; margin-bottom: 8px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<hr style=\"height:6px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 30px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"ti3\" style=\"margin:20px; line-height:30px;\">\nN\u00e3o sabe por que [tex]S_5=540^{\\circ}[\/tex]?<br \/>\nClique no pr\u00f3ximo bot\u00e3o&#8230;<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<input  value=\"\u00daltima ajuda\" type=\"button\" class=\"b1\"  onclick=    \"if(this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display != ''){this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = '';this.value = 'Ocultar a Ajuda';} else{this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = 'none'; this.value = '\u00daltima ajuda';}\"\/>   <\/p>\n<div class=\"g1 cb33\" style=\"display: none;line-height:30px;\"> Considere o pent\u00e1gono [tex]A_1A_2A_3A_4A_5[\/tex] cujos \u00e2ngulos internos t\u00eam medidas [tex]i_1,\\; i_2,\\; i_3,\\; i_4,\\; i_5[\/tex], conforme mostrado nas figuras abaixo.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/p9_1.png\" style=\"border: none;\" alt=\"p9_1\" width=\"300\" height=\"270\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-73393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/p9_1.png 329w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/p9_1-300x269.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/p9_3.png\" style=\"border: none;\"alt=\"p9_3\" width=\"300\" height=\"270\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-73412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/p9_3.png 326w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/p9_3-300x271.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><br \/>\nA partir do v\u00e9rtice [tex]A_1[\/tex], tracemos as diagonais [tex]\\overline{A_1A_3} \\, [\/tex] e [tex]\\overline{A_1A_4} \\, [\/tex]. Com isso, o pol\u00edgono fica dividido em tr\u00eas tri\u00e2ngulos.<br \/>\nPerceba que a soma [tex]S_5[\/tex] dos \u00e2ngulos internos do pol\u00edgono,<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad S_5=i_1+ i_2+ i_3+ i_4+ i_5[\/tex],<br \/>\n\u00e9 igual \u00e0 soma dos \u00e2ngulos internos dos tr\u00eas tri\u00e2ngulos.<br \/>\nComo a soma dos \u00e2ngulos internos de um  tri\u00e2ngulo \u00e9 [tex]180^{\\circ}[\/tex], conclu\u00edmos que<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad S_5=3 \\times 180^{\\circ}[\/tex],<br \/>\nou seja,<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\boxed{S_5=540^{\\circ}}[\/tex]. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"g2\" style=\"line-height:20px;\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o elaborada pelos <strong>Moderadores do Blog<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#9999; Link do problema para dispositivos da Apple. Problema (A partir do 9\u00ba ano do E. F.) (N\u00edvel: M\u00e9dio) Como podemos construir um pent\u00e1gono regular com lados medindo [tex]4 \\, [\/tex]cm, usando apenas uma r\u00e9gua e um transferidor, al\u00e9m de, obviamente, l\u00e1pis, papel e borracha&#8230; ? Justifique os passos da constru\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-onecolumn.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-73805","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate","item-wrap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/73805","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73805"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/73805\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":191245,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/73805\/revisions\/191245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73805"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}