{"id":220906,"date":"2024-06-25T20:57:14","date_gmt":"2024-06-25T23:57:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?page_id=220906"},"modified":"2024-06-25T20:57:14","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T23:57:14","slug":"a-problema-para-ajudar-na-escola-distancia-entre-vertices","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/a-problema-para-ajudar-na-escola-distancia-entre-vertices\/","title":{"rendered":"(A) Problema para ajudar na escola: Dist\u00e2ncia entre v\u00e9rtices"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"ti3\"  style=\"text-align:center;\">Clique no bot\u00e3o abaixo para visualizar o problema.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align:center;margin-top:10px;\">\n<input class=\"bo1 c1 cb13\" style=\"width:150px;\" value=\"Problema\" title=\"Clique aqui\" type=\"button\" onclick=    \"if(this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display != ''){this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = '';this.value = 'Ocultar';} else{this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = 'none'; this.value = 'Problema';}\" \/>  <\/p>\n<div style=\"display: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:25px;padding-bottom:15px\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:25px;margin:10px\">Problema<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:12px;color:#0000FF;\"> (A partir do 2\u00ba ano do E. M.- <span style=\"font-weight: normal;\"> N\u00edvel de dificuldade: M\u00e9dio<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\nTr\u00eas das seis faces de um paralelep\u00edpedo retorret\u00e2ngulo t\u00eam as seguintes \u00e1reas: [tex] 192\\,\\text{cm}^2[\/tex],  [tex]336\\,\\text{cm}^2[\/tex]  e [tex]252\\,\\text{cm}^2 [\/tex].<br \/>\n<strong>Qual a dist\u00e2ncia entre dois v\u00e9rtices desse paralelep\u00edpedo que n\u00e3o estejam na mesma face?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 12px;text-align:right;line-height:1px;\">Extra\u00eddo da <strong>IV ONEM<\/strong>, 2007.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:40px\">\n<div class=\"cb36 g1\" style=\"margin:30px;line-height:27px; width:60%; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/menino.jpg\" style=\"border:none\"  alt=\"explicador_p\" width=\"65\" height=\"77\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-1001\" \/> <\/p>\n<p class=\"c3 ti3\"style=\"line-height:25px;margin:10px\"> Lembrete<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<p><strong>Teorema de Pit\u00e1goras:<\/strong><\/strong> Em um tri\u00e2ngulo ret\u00e2ngulo, o quadrado da hipotenusa \u00e9 a soma dos quadrados dos catetos.\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:40px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:28px;\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:28px;margin:10px\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\nVamos supor que os comprimentos dos lados do paralelep\u00edpedo retorret\u00e2ngulo do problema sejam [tex]a[\/tex], [tex]b[\/tex] e [tex]c[\/tex] cent\u00edmetros, conforme indica a figura a seguir.<br \/>\nComo o problema pede a dist\u00e2ncia entre dois v\u00e9rtices que n\u00e3o estejam na mesma face desse paralelep\u00edpedo, precisamos calcular o comprimento [tex]\\textcolor{red}{d}[\/tex] de uma de suas diagonais; por exemplo, a diagonal colorida de vermelho na mesma figura.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:20px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prob4401.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"368\" height=\"280\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-161010\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prob4401.png 368w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prob4401-300x228.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 368px) 100vw, 368px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Observando a pr\u00f3xima figura, vemos que o comprimento [tex]\\textcolor{red}{d}[\/tex] \u00e9 dado por [tex]\\fcolorbox{red}{#ffffff}{$\\textcolor{red}{d=\\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}}$}\\,[\/tex], consequ\u00eancia de duas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es do <strong>Teorema de Pit\u00e1goras<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:20px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prob447_02.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"364\" height=\"279\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-161015\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prob447_02.png 364w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prob447_02-300x230.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 364px) 100vw, 364px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Como [tex]a[\/tex], [tex]\\,b\\,[\/tex] e [tex]\\,c\\,[\/tex] s\u00e3o medidas gen\u00e9ricas, podemos supor, sem perda de generalidade, que:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> a face determinada pelos lados de comprimentos [tex]a[\/tex] e [tex]b[\/tex] cent\u00edmetros tem \u00e1rea igual a [tex]192\\,\\text{cm}^2[\/tex];<\/li>\n<li> a face determinada pelos lados de comprimentos [tex]a[\/tex] e [tex]c[\/tex] cent\u00edmetros tem \u00e1rea igual a [tex]336\\,\\text{cm}^2[\/tex];<\/li>\n<li> a face determinada pelos lados de comprimentos [tex]b[\/tex] e [tex]c[\/tex] cent\u00edmetros tem \u00e1rea igual a [tex]252\\,\\text{cm}^2[\/tex];<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>e, assim, [tex]ab=192[\/tex], [tex]ac=336[\/tex] e [tex]bc=252\\,.[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prob447_03.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"384\" height=\"282\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-161019\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prob447_03.png 384w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prob447_03-300x220.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Observe que<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\left(abc\\right)^2=\\left(ab\\right)\\left(ac\\right)\\left(bc\\right)[\/tex]<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\left(abc\\right)^2=192 \\times 336 \\times 252[\/tex]<br \/>\ne<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\begin{align*}\\dfrac{\\left(abc\\right)^2}{\\left(bc\\right)^2}+\\dfrac{\\left(abc\\right)^2}{\\left(ac\\right)^2}+\\dfrac{\\left(abc\\right)^2}{\\left(ab\\right)^2}<br \/>\n&#038;=\\dfrac{a^2\\cdot\\left(bc\\right)^2}{\\left(bc\\right)^2}+\\dfrac{b^2\\cdot\\left(ac\\right)^2}{\\left(ac\\right)^2}+\\dfrac{c^2\\cdot \\left(ab\\right)^2}{\\left(ab\\right)^2}\\\\<br \/>\n&#038;=\\dfrac{a^2\\cdot \\color{blue}{\\cancel{\\left(bc\\right)^2}}}{\\color{blue}{\\cancel{\\left(bc\\right)^2}}}+\\dfrac{b^2\\cdot\\color{red}{\\cancel{\\left(ac\\right)^2}}}{\\color{red}{\\cancel{\\left(ac\\right)^2}}}+\\dfrac{c^2\\cdot \\color{#FF00FF}{\\cancel{\\left(ab\\right)^2}}}{\\color{#FF00FF}{\\cancel{\\left(ab\\right)^2}}}\\\\<br \/>\n&#038;=a^2+b^2+c^2\\; ;<br \/>\n\\end{align*}[\/tex]<br \/>\nassim, segue que:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad a^2+b^2+c^2=\\dfrac{\\left(abc\\right)^2}{\\left(bc\\right)^2}+\\dfrac{\\left(abc\\right)^2}{\\left(ac\\right)^2}+\\dfrac{\\left(abc\\right)^2}{\\left(ab\\right)^2}\\,\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad a^2+b^2+c^2=\\dfrac{192 \\times 336 \\times 252}{252^2}+\\dfrac{192 \\times 336 \\times 252}{336^2}+\\dfrac{192 \\times 336 \\times 252}{192^2}\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad a^2+b^2+c^2=\\dfrac{192 \\times 336}{252}+\\dfrac{192 \\times 252}{336}+\\dfrac{336 \\times 252}{192}\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad a^2+b^2+c^2=256+144+441\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad a^2+b^2+c^2=841\\,.[\/tex]<br \/>\nPortanto:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\textcolor{red}{d=\\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}}\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad\\textcolor{red}{d=\\sqrt{841}}\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad \\textcolor{red}{d=29}.[\/tex]<br \/>\nLogo, a dist\u00e2ncia entre dois v\u00e9rtices que n\u00e3o est\u00e3o na mesma face do paralelep\u00edpedo retorret\u00e2ngulo definido no problema \u00e9 [tex]\\, \\fcolorbox{black}{#eee0e5}{$29 \\text{ cm}$}\\,.[\/tex]<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"g2\" style=\"line-height:20px;\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o elaborada pelos <strong>Moderadores do Blog<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:20px\">\n<table style=\" height:auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;width:640px;\">\n<tr>\n<td class=\"bf\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1001 alignright\" style=\"border: 0px;\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/menino.jpg\" width=\"80\" height=\"115\" \/><\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\">\n<p class=\"fala\" style=\"width:520px;background-color: #FFF5EE; padding:10px; font-family: calibri; font-size: 13px;color: #1C1C1C; line-height: 20px; \"> Se for conveniente, voc\u00ea pode obter um arquivo PDF desta p\u00e1gina, com o problema e a solu\u00e7\u00e3o, clicando no bot\u00e3o abaixo.<br \/>\nVoc\u00ea pode abrir o arquivo diretamente no seu navegador (<em>Chrome<\/em>, <em>Edge<\/em>, <em>Firefox<\/em>, <em>Safari<\/em>, entre outros), mas tamb\u00e9m pode utilizar o software gratuito <em><strong>Adobe Acrobat Reader<\/strong><\/em>.<br \/>\nCaso o dispositivo que voc\u00ea est\u00e1 utilizando n\u00e3o tenha o <strong><em>Acrobat Reader<\/em><\/strong> instalado, \u00e9 s\u00f3 clicar <a href=\"http:\/\/get.adobe.com\/br\/reader\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>AQUI<\/strong><\/a> para fazer o download adequado ao seu dispositivo.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div style=\" float:right;  width: 100px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center; border-style: dotted; border-color :#FFFAFA; border-width :thin; width:90px;  height:40px;  padding: 5px; background-color: #800000;\">\n<a href=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Dist\u00e2ncia-entre-v\u00e9rtices.pdf\" title=\" Arquivo PDF\" download=\"Clubes_ Dist\u00e2ncia entre v\u00e9rtices.pdf\"><span style=\"color: #FFFAFA; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Arquivo <\/strong><\/span><\/a>\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Clique no bot\u00e3o abaixo para visualizar o problema. Problema (A partir do 2\u00ba ano do E. M.- N\u00edvel de dificuldade: M\u00e9dio) Tr\u00eas das seis faces de um paralelep\u00edpedo retorret\u00e2ngulo t\u00eam as seguintes \u00e1reas: [tex] 192\\,\\text{cm}^2[\/tex], [tex]336\\,\\text{cm}^2[\/tex] e [tex]252\\,\\text{cm}^2 [\/tex]. Qual a dist\u00e2ncia entre dois v\u00e9rtices desse paralelep\u00edpedo que n\u00e3o estejam na mesma face? Extra\u00eddo da &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/a-problema-para-ajudar-na-escola-distancia-entre-vertices\/\">Continue lendo<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-onecolumn.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-220906","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate","item-wrap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/220906","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=220906"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/220906\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":220907,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/220906\/revisions\/220907"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=220906"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}