{"id":205345,"date":"2023-11-10T04:42:46","date_gmt":"2023-11-10T07:42:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?page_id=205345"},"modified":"2023-11-10T04:43:36","modified_gmt":"2023-11-10T07:43:36","slug":"a-observando-graficos","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/a-observando-graficos\/","title":{"rendered":"(A) Observando gr\u00e1ficos"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"ti3\"  style=\"text-align:center;\">Clique no bot\u00e3o abaixo para visualizar a Sala.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align:center;margin-top:10px;\">\n<input class=\"bo1 c1 cb13\" style=\"width:150px;\" value=\"Sala\" title=\"Clique aqui\" type=\"button\" onclick=    \"if(this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display != ''){this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = '';this.value = 'Ocultar';} else{this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = 'none'; this.value = 'Sala';}\" \/>  <\/p>\n<div style=\"display: none;\">\n<div class=\"gr1 cbm1\" style=\"color: #1e1e1e; font-size: 15px;\">\n<div class=\"nome cm\" style=\"font-size: 40px; line-height: 60px\"><strong>Observando gr\u00e1ficos<\/strong><\/div>\n<hr style=\"height:2px; width:100%;background-color:#8B5A2B;   margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; border: 0 none\"\/>\n<hr style=\"height:2px; width:100%;background-color:#8B5A2B;   margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 20px; border: 0 none\"\/>\nNesta Sala vamos tentar visualizar propriedades caracter\u00edsticas de fun\u00e7\u00f5es olhando apenas para os seus respectivos gr\u00e1ficos!<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px;\">\n<div class=\"gr1 cbm5\" style=\"color: #1e1e1e; padding:20px; width:95%;font-size: 15px;\">\n<strong><span style=\"color: #8B5A2B;\">Atividade 1:<\/span><\/strong> As curvas abaixo representam gr\u00e1ficos de fun\u00e7\u00f5es?<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func011.png\"  style=\"border:none\"  alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"235\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201635\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func011.png 800w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func011-300x88.png 300w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func011-768x226.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>Vamos l\u00e1!<br \/>\n<strong>(a)<\/strong> Sim. E podemos at\u00e9 considerar que o Dom\u00ednio e o Contradom\u00ednio da fun\u00e7\u00e3o, digamos, [tex]f[\/tex] \u00e9 o conjunto dos n\u00fameros reais. Assim, ter\u00edamos o gr\u00e1fico de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]f:\\mathbb{R} \\rightarrow \\mathbb{R}[\/tex].<br \/>\n<strong>(b)<\/strong> N\u00e3o. Observe que temos n\u00fameros reais negativos com duas imagens. Na figura a seguir, vemos a representa\u00e7\u00e3o gr\u00e1fica de tr\u00eas desses n\u00fameros (pontos).<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func012.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"294\" height=\"237\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201641\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>(c)<\/strong> Depende. Se considerarmos como dom\u00ednio o conjunto dos n\u00fameros reais, a curva que aparece neste item n\u00e3o \u00e9 gr\u00e1fico de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o, visto que qualquer n\u00famero real pertencente ao intervalo [tex]]-2,2][\/tex] n\u00e3o teria imagem.<br \/>\nMas se considerarmos como dom\u00ednio a uni\u00e3o  dos conjuntos [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~x \\leqslant 2\\}~[\/tex] e [tex]~\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~x \\gt2\\}~[\/tex], a\u00ed teremos um gr\u00e1fico de fun\u00e7\u00e3o:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad g:\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~x \\leqslant 2\\} \\cup \\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~x \\gt2\\} \\rightarrow \\mathbb{R}[\/tex].\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:20px;\">\n<div class=\"gr1 cbm5\" style=\"color: #1e1e1e; padding:20px; width:95%;font-size: 15px;\">\n<strong><span style=\"color: #8B5A2B;\">Atividade 2:<\/span><\/strong> Estabele\u00e7a um dom\u00ednio para que cada gr\u00e1fico abaixo represente uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o. Considere os quadradinhos da malha quadriculada com lados unit\u00e1rios.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func014_1.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"229\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func014_1.png 900w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func014_1-300x76.png 300w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func014_1-768x195.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><br \/>\nSejam [tex]f[\/tex], [tex]g[\/tex] e [tex]h[\/tex] as fun\u00e7\u00f5es cujos gr\u00e1ficos aparecem nas imagens acima. Assim:<br \/>\n<strong>(a)<\/strong> [tex]D(f)=\\{-4,-3,-2,-1,0,2,3\\}.[\/tex]<br \/>\n<strong>(b)<\/strong> [tex]D(g)=[-2,4\\,[=\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|-2 \\leqslant x \\lt 4\\}.[\/tex]<br \/>\n<strong>(c)<\/strong> [tex]D(h)=\\,]-3,3]-\\{-1,1 \\}\\\\<br \/>\nD(h)=\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|-3 \\lt x \\leqslant 3\\text{, com } x \\ne -1\\text{ e } x\\ne 1\\}.[\/tex]\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:20px;\">\n<div class=\"gr1 cbm5\" style=\"color: #1e1e1e; padding:20px; width:95%;font-size: 15px;\">\n<strong><span style=\"color: #8B5A2B;\">Atividade 3:<\/span><\/strong> Estabele\u00e7a um dom\u00ednio para que cada gr\u00e1fico abaixo represente uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o. Em seguida, determine as imagens das fun\u00e7\u00f5es. Em cada malha quadriculada, considere os quadradinhos com lados unit\u00e1rios.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func015.png\"  style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"796\" height=\"234\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201689\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func015.png 796w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func015-300x88.png 300w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func015-768x226.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 796px) 100vw, 796px\" \/><br \/>\n [tex]\\quad \\begin{align*}<br \/>\n\\textcolor{blue}{D(f)=\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~-3\\leqslant x \\lt 5\\}} \\qquad &#038; \\textcolor{red}{D(g)=\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~-2\\lt x \\leqslant 3\\}}\\\\<br \/>\n\\textcolor{blue}{Im(f)=\\{y \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~1\\leqslant y \\lt 3\\}} ~~~~\\qquad  &#038; \\textcolor{red}{Im(g)=\\{-2,-1,0,1,2\\}}\\\\<br \/>\n\\end{align*}<br \/>\n[\/tex]\n <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:20px;\">\n<div class=\"gr1 cbm5\" style=\"color: #1e1e1e; padding:20px; width:95%;font-size: 15px;\">\n<strong><span style=\"color: #8B5A2B;\">Atividade 4:<\/span><\/strong> Abaixo vemos os gr\u00e1ficos de algumas fun\u00e7\u00f5es definidas de [tex]\\mathbb{R}[\/tex] em [tex]\\mathbb{R}[\/tex]. Determine o conjunto imagem de cada uma delas.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func016.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"934\" height=\"250\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201771\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func016.png 934w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func016-300x80.png 300w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func016-768x206.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 934px) 100vw, 934px\" \/><br \/>\n [tex]\\qquad  \\textcolor{#00B050}{Im(f)=\\{-3,0,3\\}.} \\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad \\textcolor{red}{Im(g)=\\{y \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~y\\leqslant 2\\}.} \\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad \\textcolor{blue}{Im(h)=\\{y \\in \\mathbb{R}~|y \\gt 2\\}\\cup \\{y \\in \\mathbb{R}~|-2 \\leqslant y \\leqslant 0\\}.}\\\\[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func018.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"736\" height=\"280\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201808\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func018.png 736w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func018-300x114.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" \/><br \/>\n [tex]\\qquad \\textcolor{#FF33CC}{Im(k)=\\{y \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~ -2 \\leqslant y\\leqslant 2\\}.}  \\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad  \\textcolor{#BF9000}{Im(t)=\\{y \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~y\\leqslant 2 \\text{ ou } y=3\\}.}[\/tex]\n <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:20px;\">\n<div class=\"gr1 cbm5\" style=\"color: #1e1e1e; padding:20px; width:95%;font-size: 15px;\">\n<strong><span style=\"color: #8B5A2B;\">Atividade 5:<\/span><\/strong> Todos os gr\u00e1ficos a seguir representam fun\u00e7\u00f5es de [tex]\\mathbb{R}[\/tex] em [tex]\\mathbb{R}[\/tex]. Determine as regi\u00f5es de crescimento e de decrescimento de cada uma delas.<br \/>\n<strong>a)<\/strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func019.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"519\" height=\"271\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201829\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func019.png 519w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func019-300x157.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 519px) 100vw, 519px\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span> Decrescente nos intervalos [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~ x \\leqslant -2\\}~[\/tex] e [tex]~\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~ x \\geqslant 2\\}.[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px;\">\n<p><span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span> Constante no intervalo [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|-2 \\leqslant x \\leqslant 2\\}.[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px;\">\n<p><strong>b)<\/strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func021.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"210\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201845\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func021.png 500w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func021-300x126.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span> Decrescente nos intervalos [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~ x \\leqslant -2\\}~[\/tex]  e  [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~ 0 \\leqslant x \\leqslant 2\\}.[\/tex]<br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span> Crescente nos intervalos [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~-2 \\leqslant x \\leqslant 0\\}~[\/tex]  e  [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~| x \\geqslant 2\\}.[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px;\">\n<p><strong>c)<\/strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func022.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"348\" height=\"215\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201851\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func022.png 348w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func022-300x185.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 348px) 100vw, 348px\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span>Crescente nos intervalos [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~ x \\lt 0\\}~[\/tex] e  [tex]~\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~ x \\geqslant 0\\}.[\/tex]<br \/>\nComo [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~ x \\lt 0\\}~\\cup ~\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~ x \\geqslant 0\\}=\\mathbb{R}[\/tex], podemos dizer que a fun\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 crescente? <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:20px;\">\n<div class=\"gr1 cbm5\" style=\"color: #1e1e1e; padding:20px; width:95%;font-size: 15px;\">\n<strong><span style=\"color: #8B5A2B;\">Atividade 6:<\/span><\/strong> (Vunesp &#8211; 94) Considere duas fun\u00e7\u00f5es, [tex]f~[\/tex] e [tex]~g[\/tex], definidas no intervalo [tex]I=\\{ x \\in  \\mathbb{R}~|~ 1 \\leqslant x \\leqslant 5\\}[\/tex], tais que [tex]f(1) = g(1) = 0[\/tex], [tex]f(3) \\cdot g(3) = 0~[\/tex] e [tex]f(5) \\gt g(5).[\/tex]<br \/>\nRepresentando o gr\u00e1fico de [tex]f[\/tex] em linha cheia e o de [tex]g[\/tex] em linha tracejada, a figura que melhor se ajusta a esses dados \u00e9:<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/func053.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"629\" height=\"704\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-205324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/func053.png 629w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/func053-268x300.png 268w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 629px) 100vw, 629px\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span> Na <strong>figura a<\/strong>, observe que [tex]g(1) \\gt 0 [\/tex], logo [tex]g(1) \\ne 0.[\/tex] Assim a condi\u00e7\u00e3o de que [tex]g(1)=0[\/tex] n\u00e3o est\u00e1 cumprida e podemos eliminar esta figura.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span> Observando a <strong>figura b<\/strong>, percebemos que [tex]3[\/tex] n\u00e3o \u00e9 raiz de nenhuma das duas fun\u00e7\u00f5es e, portanto, ter\u00edamos [tex]f(3)\\ne 0~[\/tex] e [tex]~g(3)\\ne 0.[\/tex]<br \/>\nNo entanto, sabemos que [tex]f(3) \\cdot g(3)=0[\/tex], logo devemos ter  [tex]f(3)=0[\/tex] ou [tex]g(3) =0[\/tex]. Portanto, tamb\u00e9m podemos eliminar esta figura.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span> Observe que tanto na <strong>figura d<\/strong> quanto na <strong>figura e<\/strong> temos que a imagem [tex]g(5)[\/tex] \u00e9 positiva e a imagem [tex]f(5)[\/tex] \u00e9 negativa e, com isso, temos [tex]g(5) \\gt f(5)[\/tex], o que contraria a informa\u00e7\u00e3o de que [tex]f(5) \\gt g(5).[\/tex]<br \/>\nDessa forma eliminamos simultaneamente essas duas figuras.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span>  Observe que na <strong>figura c<\/strong> todas as condi\u00e7\u00f5es apresentadas no problema s\u00e3o cumpridas: [tex]f(1) = g(1) = 0[\/tex], [tex]g(3)=0~[\/tex] e [tex]f(5) \\gt g(5).[\/tex]<br \/>\nPortanto,  a figura que melhor se ajusta aos dados do problema \u00e9 a <strong>figura c<\/strong>.\n <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:20px;\">\n<div class=\"gr1 cbm5\" style=\"color: #1e1e1e; padding:20px; width:95%;font-size: 15px;\">\n<strong><span style=\"color: #8B5A2B;\">Atividade 7:<\/span><\/strong> Considere o gr\u00e1fico de uma dada fun\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]f:[-5,5]\\rightarrow \\mathbb{R}[\/tex].<br \/>\n<strong>a)<\/strong> Responda se cada item abaixo \u00e9 verdadeiro ou falso.<br \/>\n<span style=\"padding-left:30px;\"><\/span> <strong>(i) <\/strong>[tex] f(-2)=f(2)[\/tex]<br \/>\n<span style=\"padding-left:30px;\"><\/span> <strong>(ii)<\/strong> A fun\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]f[\/tex] possui exatamente uma raiz real.<br \/>\n<strong>b)<\/strong> Aproveite e analise o crescimento e decrescimento da fun\u00e7\u00e3o.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/f008_1.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"511\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-99712\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:30px;\">\n<p><strong>a)<\/strong> <\/p>\n<div style=\"margin:-5px 20px 10px 30px;\"><strong>(i)<\/strong> Como o gr\u00e1fico cont\u00e9m os pontos [tex](-2,0)[\/tex] e [tex](2,0)[\/tex], temos [tex]f(-2)= 0[\/tex] e [tex]f(2)= 0.[\/tex]<br \/>\nPortanto, [tex]f(-2)=f(2)= 0 [\/tex] e este item \u00e9 verdadeiro.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:20px\">\n<p><strong>(ii)<\/strong> Veja que o gr\u00e1fico de [tex]f[\/tex] corta o eixo das abscissas nos pontos [tex](-2,0),(0,0),(2,0),(4,0)[\/tex] (pontos azuis sobre o eixo das  abscissas, conforme indicado na figura a seguir).<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/f2.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"430\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-146666\" \/><br \/>\nAssim, [tex]f(-2)=0 \\, [\/tex], [tex]f(0)=0 \\, [\/tex], [tex]f(2)=0 \\, [\/tex], [tex]f(4)=0 \\, [\/tex] e, portanto, a fun\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]f[\/tex] possui quatro ra\u00edzes: [tex]-2[\/tex], [tex]2[\/tex], [tex]0[\/tex] e [tex]4[\/tex].<br \/>\nPelo exposto, este item \u00e9 falso! <\/div>\n<p><strong>b)<\/strong> <span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span> [tex]f[\/tex] \u00e9 constante no intervalo [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|-5 \\leqslant x \\lt -2\\}.[\/tex]<br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span> [tex]f[\/tex] \u00e9 crescente no intervalo [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~0 \\leqslant x \\lt 2\\}.[\/tex]<br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#98622F;\">&#9658;<\/span> [tex]f[\/tex] \u00e9 decrescente nos intervalos [tex]\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~-2 \\lt x \\leqslant 0\\}~[\/tex] e [tex]~\\{x \\in \\mathbb{R}~|~2 \\lt x \\leqslant 5\\}.[\/tex]\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:20px;\">\n<div class=\"gr1 cbm5\" style=\"color: #1e1e1e; padding:20px; width:95%;font-size: 15px;\">\n<strong><span style=\"color: #8B5A2B;\">Atividade 8:<\/span><\/strong> Seja [tex]a[\/tex] um n\u00famero real positivo e observe o gr\u00e1fico da fun\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]f:[0,a]\\rightarrow \\mathbb{R}[\/tex].<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func027.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"340\" height=\"246\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201899\" \/><br \/>\nA partir desse gr\u00e1fico, \u00e9 poss\u00edvel construirmos o gr\u00e1fico de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]g:[-a,a]\\rightarrow \\mathbb{R}[\/tex] de modo que [tex]g[\/tex] seja par?<br \/>\nE para que [tex]g[\/tex] seja \u00edmpar?<br \/>\n<strong>a)<\/strong> Observe que o gr\u00e1fico abaixo define uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o par de [tex][-a,a][\/tex] em  [tex]\\mathbb{R}.[\/tex]<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func028.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"247\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201902\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px;\">\n<p><strong>b)<\/strong> Observe, agora, que o gr\u00e1fico abaixo define uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o \u00edmpar de [tex][-a,a][\/tex] em  [tex]\\mathbb{R}.[\/tex]<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/func029.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"330\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-201906\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>c)<\/strong> Para as duas fun\u00e7\u00f5es definidas, determine graficamente as regi\u00f5es de crescimento e decrescimento.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/func030.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"489\" height=\"197\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-202017\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/func030.png 489w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/func030-300x121.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 489px) 100vw, 489px\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/func031.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"275\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-202018\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/func031.png 482w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/func031-300x171.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 482px) 100vw, 482px\" \/>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:20px;\">\n<div class=\"gr1 cbm5\" style=\"color: #1e1e1e; padding:20px; width:95%;font-size: 15px;\">\n<strong><span style=\"color: #8B5A2B;\">Exemplo 9:<\/span><\/strong> As curvas abaixo representam gr\u00e1ficos de fun\u00e7\u00f5es?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px;\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/func032_1.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"463\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-204460\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>a)<\/strong> A curva apresentada no <strong>item a<\/strong> n\u00e3o representa o gr\u00e1fico de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o, j\u00e1 que existem retas verticais que cortam a curva em mais de um ponto. Observe na pr\u00f3xima imagem as retas [tex]~r~[\/tex] e [tex]~s.[\/tex]<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/func033.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-202030\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px;\">\n<p><strong>b)<\/strong> A curva apresentada no <strong>item b<\/strong> tamb\u00e9m n\u00e3o representa o gr\u00e1fico de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o. Observe na figura abaixo que as retas verticais [tex]~t~[\/tex] e [tex]~v[\/tex] cortam a curva em dois pontos cada uma.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/func034.png\"  style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"228\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-202039\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px;\">\n<p><strong>c)<\/strong> A curva apresentada no <strong>item c<\/strong> n\u00e3o representa o gr\u00e1fico de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o. Observe que se a curva em quest\u00e3o fosse o gr\u00e1fico de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o, [tex]x=4[\/tex] teria v\u00e1rias imagens. Na figura abaixo sinalizamos quatro dessas imagens.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/func035.png\"  style=\"border:none\"  alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"193\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-202041\" \/>\n<\/div>\n<hr style=\"height:3px; width:100%;background-color:#8B5A2B;  margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 8px;  border: 0 none\"\/>\n<hr style=\"height:3px; width:100%;background-color:#8B5A2B;  margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 20px;  border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #8B5A2B; font-size: 18px;\"><strong>Equipe COM &#8211; OBMEP<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"fim\"><a title=\"Voltar.\" href=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?p=205334\"><span style=\"color: #C68445;\"><strong>Voltar para Sala Inicial<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Clique no bot\u00e3o abaixo para visualizar a Sala. Observando gr\u00e1ficos Nesta Sala vamos tentar visualizar propriedades caracter\u00edsticas de fun\u00e7\u00f5es olhando apenas para os seus respectivos gr\u00e1ficos! Atividade 1: As curvas abaixo representam gr\u00e1ficos de fun\u00e7\u00f5es? Vamos l\u00e1! (a) Sim. E podemos at\u00e9 considerar que o Dom\u00ednio e o Contradom\u00ednio da fun\u00e7\u00e3o, digamos, [tex]f[\/tex] \u00e9 o &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/a-observando-graficos\/\">Continue lendo<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-onecolumn.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-205345","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate","item-wrap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/205345","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=205345"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/205345\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":205347,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/205345\/revisions\/205347"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=205345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}