{"id":19385,"date":"2014-05-31T01:14:33","date_gmt":"2014-05-31T04:14:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?page_id=19385"},"modified":"2023-04-29T15:40:32","modified_gmt":"2023-04-29T18:40:32","slug":"problemao-mais-um-problema-em-papel-quadriculado","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/problemao-mais-um-problema-em-papel-quadriculado\/","title":{"rendered":".Problem\u00e3o: Mais um problema em papel quadriculado"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:25px;margin:10px\">Problema<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:12px;color:#800000\"> (Indicado a partir do 9\u00ba ano do E. F.)<\/span><\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\nDois segmentos [tex]\\overline{AC}[\/tex] e [tex]\\overline{AE}[\/tex] foram tra\u00e7ados em uma folha de papel quadriculado, como ilustrado na figura abaixo.<br \/>\nCalcule a soma das medidas dos \u00e2ngulos [tex]B\\widehat{A}C[\/tex] e [tex]B\\widehat{A}E[\/tex].<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f146.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"330\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-180226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f146.png 482w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f146-300x205.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 482px) 100vw, 482px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:40px\">\n<div class=\"cb36 g1\" style=\"margin:30px;line-height:25px; width:80%; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/menino.jpg\" style=\"border:none\"  alt=\"explicador_p\" width=\"80\" height=\"96\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1001\" \/> <\/p>\n<p class=\"c3 ti3\" style=\"line-height:20px;margin:10px\"> Nota\u00e7\u00f5es<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<p><span class=\"c3\"> <strong>(I)<\/strong> <\/span> Denotaremos o segmento de reta definido por dois pontos, digamos [tex]X[\/tex] e [tex]Y[\/tex], por [tex]\\overline{XY}[\/tex] e seu respectivo comprimento por [tex]XY[\/tex].<br \/>\n<span class=\"c3\"> <strong>(II)<\/strong> <\/span> Denotaremos o \u00e2ngulo de v\u00e9rtice [tex]V[\/tex] e definido por dois pontos, digamos [tex]X [\/tex] e [tex]Y[\/tex],  por [tex]X\\widehat{V}Y [\/tex] e sua respectiva medida por [tex]mX\\widehat{V}Y.[\/tex]\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:40px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:30px;margin:10px\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o 1<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\nObservando a figura abaixo vemos que  [tex]B\\widehat{A}C[\/tex] e  [tex]B\\widehat{A}F[\/tex] t\u00eam medidas iguais, j\u00e1 que o tri\u00e2ngulo [tex]CAF[\/tex] \u00e9 is\u00f3sceles e [tex]B[\/tex] \u00e9 ponto m\u00e9dio  de [tex]\\overline{CF}[\/tex].<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f147.png\" alt=\"\"  style=\"border: 0px;\" width=\"495\" height=\"370\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-180227\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f147.png 495w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f147-300x224.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 495px) 100vw, 495px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Assim:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad mB\\widehat{A}C+mB\\widehat{A}E=mB\\widehat{A}F+mB\\widehat{A}E=mE\\widehat{A}F.\\qquad \\textcolor{#800000}{(i)}[\/tex]<br \/>\nAgora, note que os tri\u00e2ngulos [tex]ASE[\/tex] e [tex]EGF[\/tex] s\u00e3o congruentes (ambos s\u00e3o tri\u00e2ngulos ret\u00e2ngulos e seus catetos medem 1 e 2 unidades relativas aos lados dos quadradinhos da folha).<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f148.png\"  style=\"border: 0px;\" alt=\"\" width=\"499\" height=\"382\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-180228\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f148.png 499w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f148-300x230.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 499px) 100vw, 499px\" \/> <\/p>\n<p>Dessa forma, segue que:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad mA\\widehat{E}F= mA\\widehat{E}S+mG\\widehat{E}F[\/tex]<br \/>\n[tex]\\quad\\qquad \\quad\\quad \\;=mA\\widehat{E}S+mS\\widehat{A}E[\/tex]<br \/>\n[tex]\\quad\\qquad \\quad\\quad \\;=180^\\circ-mA\\widehat{S}E\\quad [\/tex]<span style=\"font-size:13px\">(Lembre-se de que [tex]mA\\widehat{E}S+mS\\widehat{A}E+mA\\widehat{S}E=180^\\circ[\/tex].)<\/span><br \/>\n[tex]\\quad\\qquad \\quad\\quad \\;=180^\\circ-90^\\circ\\quad [\/tex]<span style=\"font-size:13px\">(Observe que [tex]A\\widehat{S}E[\/tex] \u00e9 um \u00e2ngulo reto.)<\/span><br \/>\n[tex]\\quad\\qquad \\quad\\quad \\;=90^\\circ\\,. [\/tex]<br \/>\nFinalmente, vamos observar o tri\u00e2ngulo [tex]AEF[\/tex].<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f149.png\" alt=\"\"  style=\"border: 0px;\" width=\"487\" height=\"380\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-180229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f149.png 487w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f149-300x234.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 487px) 100vw, 487px\" \/> <\/p>\n<p>Perceba que <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> [tex]AEF[\/tex] \u00e9 um tri\u00e2ngulo ret\u00e2ngulo is\u00f3sceles <\/li>\n<li>[tex]AE=EF\\;[\/tex] <\/li>\n<li>[tex]mA\\widehat{E}F=90^\\circ[\/tex];<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>e,  com isso, podemos concluir que [tex]mE\\widehat{A}F=45^\\circ[\/tex]. <span style=\"font-size:13px\">(Lembre-se de que a soma das medidas dos \u00e2ngulos internos de qualquer tri\u00e2ngulo \u00e9 [tex]180^\\circ[\/tex].)<\/span><br \/>\nPortanto, segue de [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{(i)}[\/tex] que  [tex]\\,\\fcolorbox{black}{#eee0e5}{$\\,mB\\widehat{A}C+mB\\widehat{A}E=45^\\circ$}\\,[\/tex].<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"g2\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o elaborada pelos <strong>Moderadores do Blog<\/strong> .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:40px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:30px;margin:10px\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o 2<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\nObservando a figura a seguir percebemos que [tex]B\\widehat AC[\/tex] e [tex]B\\widehat AF[\/tex] t\u00eam a mesma medida, pois o tri\u00e2ngulo [tex]CAF[\/tex] \u00e9 is\u00f3sceles e [tex]B[\/tex] \u00e9 o ponto m\u00e9dio de sua base.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f147.png\" alt=\"\"  style=\"border: 0px;\" width=\"495\" height=\"370\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-180227\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f147.png 495w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f147-300x224.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 495px) 100vw, 495px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Logo,<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad mB\\widehat AC+mB\\widehat AE= mB\\widehat AF+mB\\widehat AE=mE\\widehat AF. \\qquad \\textcolor{#800000}{(ii)}[\/tex]<br \/>\nObserve, utilizando o Teorema de Pit\u00e1goras nos tri\u00e2ngulos [tex]AES[\/tex], [tex]EGF[\/tex] e [tex]ABF[\/tex], que [tex]{AE}={EF}=\\sqrt5[\/tex], enquanto [tex]{AF}=\\sqrt{10}[\/tex]:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f150.png\" alt=\"\"  style=\"border: 0px;\"width=\"489\" height=\"391\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-180231\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f150.png 489w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f150-300x240.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 489px) 100vw, 489px\" \/> <\/p>\n<table style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff; height:auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right:auto;width:85%\">\n<tr class=\"bf\">\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff; border-right: 2px solid #800000;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: left; padding-left:10%;\">\n<strong>Tri\u00e2ngulo [tex]AES[\/tex]:<\/strong><br \/>\n [tex]\\quad AE^2=AS^2+SE^2\\\\<br \/>\n\\quad AE^2=2^2+1^2\\\\<br \/>\n\\quad AE^2=5\\\\<br \/>\n\\quad \\boxed{AE=\\sqrt5} .[\/tex]<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff; border-right: 2px solid #800000;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: left; padding-left:10%;\">\n<strong>Tri\u00e2ngulo [tex]EGF[\/tex]:<\/strong><br \/>\n[tex]\\quad EF^2=EG^2+GF^2\\\\<br \/>\n\\quad EF^2=2^2+1^2\\\\<br \/>\n\\quad EF^2=5\\\\<br \/>\n\\quad \\boxed{EF=\\sqrt5} .[\/tex]<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: left; padding-left:10%;\">\n<strong>Tri\u00e2ngulo [tex]ABF[\/tex]:<\/strong><br \/>\n [tex]\\quad AF^2=AB^2+BF^2\\\\<br \/>\n\\quad AF^2=3^2+1^2\\\\<br \/>\n\\quad AF^2=10\\\\<br \/>\n\\quad \\boxed{AF=\\sqrt{10}} .[\/tex]<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>Por outro lado, veja que [tex](\\sqrt5)^2+(\\sqrt5)^2=(\\sqrt{10})^2[\/tex], donde conclui-se que o tri\u00e2ngulo [tex]AEF[\/tex] \u00e9 ret\u00e2ngulo de hipotenusa [tex]\\overline{AF}[\/tex].<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f151.png\" style=\"border: 0px;\" alt=\"\" width=\"488\" height=\"384\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-180233\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f151.png 488w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/f151-300x236.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 488px) 100vw, 488px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Como o tri\u00e2ngulo [tex]AEF[\/tex] \u00e9 tamb\u00e9m is\u00f3sceles, pois [tex]{AE}={EF}[\/tex], temos que os \u00e2ngulos [tex]E\\widehat FA[\/tex] e [tex]E\\widehat AF[\/tex] s\u00e3o congruentes e a medida desses \u00e2ngulos \u00e9 [tex]45^\\circ[\/tex]. <span style=\"font-size:13px\">(Lembre-se de que a soma das medidas dos \u00e2ngulos internos de qualquer tri\u00e2ngulo \u00e9 [tex]180^\\circ[\/tex].)<\/span><br \/>\nPortanto, segue de [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{(ii)}[\/tex] que  [tex]\\,\\fcolorbox{black}{#eee0e5}{$\\,mB\\widehat{A}C+mB\\widehat{A}E=45^\\circ$}\\,[\/tex].<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"g2\" >Solu\u00e7\u00e3o elaborada pelos <strong>Moderadores do Blog<\/strong> .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:30px\">\n<div class=\"g3\" style=\"width: 550px;\">Participou da discuss\u00e3o o Clube <strong>MIRIM APRENDIZ<\/strong>.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Problema (Indicado a partir do 9\u00ba ano do E. F.) Dois segmentos [tex]\\overline{AC}[\/tex] e [tex]\\overline{AE}[\/tex] foram tra\u00e7ados em uma folha de papel quadriculado, como ilustrado na figura abaixo. Calcule a soma das medidas dos \u00e2ngulos [tex]B\\widehat{A}C[\/tex] e [tex]B\\widehat{A}E[\/tex]. Nota\u00e7\u00f5es (I) Denotaremos o segmento de reta definido por dois pontos, digamos [tex]X[\/tex] e [tex]Y[\/tex], por [tex]\\overline{XY}[\/tex] &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/problemao-mais-um-problema-em-papel-quadriculado\/\">Continue lendo<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":166,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-onecolumn.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-19385","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate","item-wrap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19385","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/166"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19385"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19385\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":188339,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19385\/revisions\/188339"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19385"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}