{"id":191697,"date":"2023-05-24T00:30:05","date_gmt":"2023-05-24T03:30:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?page_id=191697"},"modified":"2023-05-24T00:30:05","modified_gmt":"2023-05-24T03:30:05","slug":"a-problema-para-ajudar-na-escola-qual-o-resto","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/a-problema-para-ajudar-na-escola-qual-o-resto\/","title":{"rendered":"(A) Problema para ajudar na escola: Qual o resto?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"ti3\"  style=\"text-align:center;\">Clique no bot\u00e3o abaixo para visualizar o problema.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align:center;margin-top:10px;\">\n<input class=\"bo1 c1 cb13\" style=\"width:150px;\" value=\"Problema\" title=\"Clique aqui\" type=\"button\" onclick=    \"if(this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display != ''){this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = '';this.value = 'Ocultar';} else{this.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].style.display = 'none'; this.value = 'Problema';}\" \/>  <\/p>\n<div style=\"display: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:30px;\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:25px;margin:10px\">Problema<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:12px;color:#FF8C00\"> (A partir do 6\u00ba ano do E. F.) <span style=\"font-weight: normal;\"> (N\u00edvel: M\u00e9dio)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\nQual o valor do resto da divis\u00e3o de [tex]2^{150}[\/tex] por [tex]7[\/tex]?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:20px\">\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:30px\">\n<p style=\"margin:30px\">\n<div class=\"cb36 g1n\" style=\"margin:30px;line-height:30px; width:80%; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; \">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/carinha3.jpg\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"95\" height=\"135\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-3059\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"c3 ti3\" style=\"line-height:25px;margin:10px\"> Dica <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<p>A observa\u00e7\u00e3o e generaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de padr\u00f5es e regularidades pode ser um bom caminho para se resolver problemas de matem\u00e1tica que envolvam sequ\u00eancias num\u00e9ricas&#8230;\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:30px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:35px;\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:30px;margin:10px\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o <\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\nVamos observar os restos das divis\u00f5es dos primeiros termos da sequ\u00eancia [tex]\\left\\{2^{0}, \\, 2^{1}, \\, 2^{2},\\cdots, \\, 2^{n},\\cdots \\, \\right\\}[\/tex] por [tex]7:[\/tex]<\/p>\n<table style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF; width:20%; height:auto; text-align:center;\">\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td rowspan=\"2\" class=\"bf\">[tex]2^0:[\/tex]<\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\" align=\"center\" style=\"border-RIGHT: 2px solid; line-height:10px; \"> [tex]1[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td class=\"bf\" style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\">[tex]\\color{red}1[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"  style=\"border-top: 2px solid \"> [tex]0[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<table style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF; width:20%; height:auto; text-align:center;\">\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td rowspan=\"2\" class=\"bf\">[tex]2^1:[\/tex]<\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\" align=\"center\" style=\"border-RIGHT: 2px solid; line-height:10px; \"> [tex]2[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td class=\"bf\" style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\">[tex]\\color{blue}2[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"  style=\"border-top: 2px solid \"> [tex]0[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<table style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF; width:20%; height:auto; text-align:center;\">\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td rowspan=\"2\" class=\"bf\">[tex]2^2:[\/tex]<\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\" align=\"center\" style=\"border-RIGHT: 2px solid; line-height:10px; \"> [tex]4[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td class=\"bf\" style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\">[tex]\\color{green}4[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"  style=\"border-top: 2px solid \"> [tex]0[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<table style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF; width:20%; height:auto; text-align:center;\">\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td rowspan=\"2\" class=\"bf\">[tex]2^3:[\/tex]<\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\" align=\"center\" style=\"border-RIGHT: 2px solid; line-height:10px; \"> [tex]8[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td class=\"bf\" style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\">[tex]\\color{red}1[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"  style=\"border-top: 2px solid \"> [tex]1[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<table style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF; width:20%; height:auto; text-align:center;\">\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td rowspan=\"2\" class=\"bf\">[tex]2^4:[\/tex]<\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\" align=\"center\" style=\"border-RIGHT: 2px solid; line-height:10px; \"> [tex]16[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td class=\"bf\" style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\">[tex]\\color{blue}2[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"  style=\"border-top: 2px solid \"> [tex]2[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<table style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF; width:20%; height:auto; text-align:center;\">\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td rowspan=\"2\" class=\"bf\">[tex]2^5:[\/tex]<\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\" align=\"center\" style=\"border-RIGHT: 2px solid; line-height:10px; \"> [tex]32[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td class=\"bf\" style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\">[tex]\\color{green}4[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"  style=\"border-top: 2px solid \"> [tex]4[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<table style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF; width:20%; height:auto; text-align:center;\">\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td rowspan=\"2\" class=\"bf\">[tex]2^6:[\/tex]<\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\" align=\"center\" style=\"border-RIGHT: 2px solid; line-height:10px; \"> [tex]64[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td class=\"bf\" style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\">[tex]\\color{red}1[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"  style=\"border-top: 2px solid \"> [tex]9[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<table style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF; width:20%; height:auto; text-align:center;\">\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td rowspan=\"2\" class=\"bf\">[tex]2^7:[\/tex]<\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\" align=\"center\" style=\"border-RIGHT: 2px solid; line-height:10px; \"> [tex]128[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td class=\"bf\" style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\">[tex]\\color{blue}2[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"  style=\"border-top: 2px solid \"> [tex]18[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<table style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF; width:20%; height:auto; text-align:center;\">\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td rowspan=\"2\" class=\"bf\">[tex]2^8:[\/tex]<\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\" align=\"center\" style=\"border-RIGHT: 2px solid; line-height:10px; \"> [tex]256[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<td class=\"bf\" style=\"border: 2px solid #FFFFFF\">[tex]\\color{green}4[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\"  style=\"border-top: 2px solid \"> [tex]36[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>Observe que a cada tr\u00eas pot\u00eancias de [tex]2[\/tex] os restos se repetem:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>para [tex]2^0[\/tex] tivemos resto [tex]\\color{red}1 \\, [\/tex];<\/li>\n<li>para [tex]2^1[\/tex] tivemos resto [tex]\\color{blue}2 \\, [\/tex];<\/li>\n<li>para [tex]2^2[\/tex] tivemos resto [tex]\\color{green}4 \\, [\/tex];<\/li>\n<li>para [tex]2^3[\/tex] tivemos resto [tex]\\color{red}1 \\, [\/tex];<\/li>\n<li>para [tex]2^4[\/tex] tivemos resto [tex]\\color{blue}2 \\, [\/tex];<\/li>\n<li>para [tex]2^5[\/tex] tivemos resto [tex]\\color{green}4 \\, [\/tex];<\/li>\n<li>para [tex]2^6[\/tex] tivemos resto [tex]\\color{red}1 \\, [\/tex];<\/li>\n<li>para [tex]2^7[\/tex] tivemos resto [tex]\\color{blue}2 \\, [\/tex];<\/li>\n<li>para [tex]2^8[\/tex] tivemos resto [tex]\\color{green}4 \\, [\/tex];<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>e esse padr\u00e3o \u00e9 mantido nas divis\u00f5es de outras pot\u00eancias de [tex]2[\/tex] por [tex]7[\/tex].<span style=\"font-size:11px\">  (Voc\u00ea saberia justificar essa afirma\u00e7\u00e3o?)<\/span><\/li>\n<p>O padr\u00e3o observado nos indica que:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> &quot;as pot\u00eancias com expoentes m\u00faltiplos de [tex]3[\/tex]&quot; apresentam resto [tex]\\color{red}1 \\, [\/tex], quando divididas por [tex]7; \\, [\/tex] <\/li>\n<li> &quot;as pot\u00eancias com expoentes m\u00faltiplos de [tex]3[\/tex] mais [tex]1[\/tex]&quot; apresentam resto [tex]\\color{blue}2 \\, [\/tex], quando divididas por [tex]7; \\, [\/tex]<\/li>\n<li> &quot;as pot\u00eancias com expoentes m\u00faltiplos de [tex]3[\/tex] mais [tex]2[\/tex]&quot; apresentam resto [tex]\\color{green}4 \\, [\/tex], quando divididas por [tex]7; \\, [\/tex]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>assim, para sabermos o resto da divis\u00e3o de [tex]2^{150}[\/tex] por [tex]7[\/tex], basta observarmos que [tex]150[\/tex] \u00e9 m\u00faltiplo de [tex]3[\/tex], portanto,  o resto da divis\u00e3o de [tex]2^{150}[\/tex] por [tex]7[\/tex] \u00e9 [tex] \\, \\fcolorbox{black}{#eee0e5}{$1$} \\, .[\/tex]<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"g2\" style=\"line-height:20px;\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o elaborada pelos <strong>Moderadores do Blog<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:20px\">\n<table style=\" height:auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;width:640px;\">\n<tr>\n<td class=\"bf\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1001 alignright\" style=\"border: 0px;\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/menino.jpg\" width=\"80\" height=\"115\" \/><\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\">\n<p class=\"fala\" style=\"width:520px; background-color: #FFF5EE; padding:10px; font-family: calibri; font-size: 13px;color: #1C1C1C; line-height: 20px; \"> Se for conveniente, voc\u00ea pode obter um arquivo PDF desta p\u00e1gina, com o problema e a solu\u00e7\u00e3o, clicando no bot\u00e3o abaixo.<br \/>\nVoc\u00ea pode abrir o arquivo diretamente no seu navegador (<em>Chrome<\/em>, <em>Edge<\/em>, <em>Firefox<\/em>, <em>Safari<\/em>, entre outros), mas tamb\u00e9m pode utilizar o software gratuito <em><strong>Adobe Acrobat Reader<\/strong><\/em>.<br \/>\nCaso o dispositivo que voc\u00ea est\u00e1 utilizando n\u00e3o tenha o <strong><em>Acrobat Reader<\/em><\/strong> instalado, \u00e9 s\u00f3 clicar <a href=\"http:\/\/get.adobe.com\/br\/reader\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>AQUI<\/strong><\/a> para fazer o download adequado ao seu dispositivo.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div style=\" float:right;  width: 100px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center; border-style: dotted; border-color :#FFFAFA; border-width :thin; width:90px;  height:40px;  padding: 5px; background-color: #800000;\">\n<a href=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Qual-o-resto.pdf\" title=\" Arquivo PDF\" download=\"Clubes_ Qual o resto.pdf\"><span style=\"color: #FFFAFA; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Arquivo <\/strong><\/span><\/a>\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Clique no bot\u00e3o abaixo para visualizar o problema. Problema (A partir do 6\u00ba ano do E. F.) (N\u00edvel: M\u00e9dio) Qual o valor do resto da divis\u00e3o de [tex]2^{150}[\/tex] por [tex]7[\/tex]? Dica A observa\u00e7\u00e3o e generaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de padr\u00f5es e regularidades pode ser um bom caminho para se resolver problemas de matem\u00e1tica que envolvam sequ\u00eancias num\u00e9ricas&#8230; Solu\u00e7\u00e3o &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/a-problema-para-ajudar-na-escola-qual-o-resto\/\">Continue lendo<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-onecolumn.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-191697","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate","item-wrap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/191697","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=191697"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/191697\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":191698,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/191697\/revisions\/191698"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=191697"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}