{"id":161416,"date":"2020-08-14T15:14:16","date_gmt":"2020-08-14T18:14:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?page_id=161416"},"modified":"2023-07-06T05:51:23","modified_gmt":"2023-07-06T08:51:23","slug":"problemao-multiplos-de-99","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/problemao-multiplos-de-99\/","title":{"rendered":".Problem\u00e3o: M\u00faltiplos de 99"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:25px;padding-bottom:15px\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:25px;margin:10px\">Problema<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:12px;color:#800000\"> (Indicado a partir do 7\u00ba ano do E. F.)<\/span><\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">(<strong>VI Olimp\u00edada Rioplatense<\/strong> &#8211; Adaptado) <\/span> Qual \u00e9 o menor m\u00faltiplo natural de [tex]99[\/tex] que come\u00e7a e termina com [tex]97[\/tex]?\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cb36 g1n\" style=\"margin:40px;line-height:30px; width:70%; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/menino.jpg\" style=\"border:none\"  alt=\"explicador_p\" width=\"70\" height=\"84\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-1001\" \/> <\/p>\n<p class=\"c3 ti3\" style=\"line-height:25px;margin:10px\"> Lembretes<\/p>\n<p>[tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{\\textbf{(I)}}[\/tex] Um n\u00famero natural \u00e9 divis\u00edvel por [tex]9[\/tex] se, e somente se, a soma dos valores absolutos de seus algarismos resulta em um n\u00famero divis\u00edvel por [tex]9[\/tex].<br \/>\n[tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{\\textbf{(II)}}[\/tex] Um n\u00famero natural \u00e9 divis\u00edvel por [tex]11[\/tex] se, e somente se, a diferen\u00e7a entre a <u>soma dos algarismos de ordem \u00edmpar<\/u> e a <u>soma dos algarismos de ordem par<\/u> for um n\u00famero divis\u00edvel por [tex]11[\/tex]. As ordens \u00edmpares e pares devem ser definidas da direita para esquerda.\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:30px;\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:28px;margin:10px\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\nSeja [tex]N[\/tex] o n\u00famero desejado; assim, [tex]N=\\underline{9} \\underline{7}\\underline{}\\cdots\\underline{}\\underline{9}\\underline{7}\\,.[\/tex]<br \/>\nComo [tex]N[\/tex] deve ser divis\u00edvel por [tex]99[\/tex] e  [tex]99=9\\cdot 11[\/tex], ent\u00e3o [tex]N[\/tex] deve ser divis\u00edvel por [tex]9[\/tex] e [tex]11[\/tex].  Para encontrar o n\u00famero [tex]N[\/tex], vamos considerar os casos em que entre o primeiro e o \u00faltimo [tex]97[\/tex] existam [tex]0[\/tex] ou [tex]1[\/tex] ou [tex]2[\/tex], e assim por diante, algarismos, nessa ordem,  e verificar as informa\u00e7\u00f5es dos [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{\\textbf{Lembretes (I)}}[\/tex] e [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{\\textbf{(II)}}[\/tex].<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<p>[tex]\\textbf{Caso (1):}[\/tex] [tex]N=9797[\/tex], isto \u00e9, um n\u00famero com quatro algarismos.<br \/>\nPelo [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{\\textbf{Lembrete (I)}}[\/tex], [tex]N[\/tex] deve ser divis\u00edvel por [tex]9[\/tex]; mas isso n\u00e3o acontece, pois [tex]9+7+9+7=32[\/tex] e [tex]32[\/tex] n\u00e3o \u00e9 divis\u00edvel por [tex]9\\,.[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<p>[tex]\\textbf{Caso (2):}[\/tex] [tex]N=97a97[\/tex], com [tex]a\\in\\{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9\\}[\/tex].<br \/>\nDo [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{\\textbf{Lembrete (I)}}[\/tex], para que [tex]N=97a97[\/tex] seja divis\u00edvel por [tex]9[\/tex], a soma [tex]9+7+a+9+7[\/tex] deve ser um n\u00famero divis\u00edvel por [tex]9[\/tex], ent\u00e3o a \u00fanica op\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 [tex]a=4[\/tex]. Agora, vamos verificar se [tex]N=97497[\/tex] \u00e9 divis\u00edvel por [tex]11[\/tex], ou seja, vamos utilizar o [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{\\textbf{Lembrete (II)}}\\,.[\/tex] Observe que<\/p>\n<table style=\"border: 2px solid #ffffff; width:53%; height:auto;text-align:center;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;\">\n<tr>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000 \"> [tex]9[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border: 2px solid #ffffff\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000 \"> [tex]7[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border: 2px solid #ffffff\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000\"> [tex]4[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border: 2px solid #ffffff\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000\"> [tex]9[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border: 2px solid #ffffff\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000\"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td  align=\"center\"> posi\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]5[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"> posi\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]4[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"> posi\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]3[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"> posi\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]2[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\">posi\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]1[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>e [tex](9+4+7)-(7+9)=20-16=4[\/tex].<br \/>\nComo [tex]4[\/tex] n\u00e3o \u00e9 divis\u00edvel por [tex] 11[\/tex], ent\u00e3o [tex]N=97497[\/tex] n\u00e3o \u00e9 divis\u00edvel por [tex]11[\/tex]. Ent\u00e3o, [tex]N=97497[\/tex] n\u00e3o \u00e9 divis\u00edvel por [tex]99[\/tex]. <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px,text-align:center\">\n[tex]\\textbf{Caso (3):}[\/tex] [tex]N=97ab97[\/tex], com [tex]a,b\\in\\{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9\\}[\/tex].<br \/>\nDo [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{\\textbf{Lembrete (I)}}[\/tex], para que [tex]N=97ab97[\/tex] seja divis\u00edvel por [tex]9[\/tex], a soma [tex]9+7+a+b+9+7[\/tex] deve ser  um n\u00famero divis\u00edvel por [tex]9[\/tex]. Como [tex]9+7+9+7=32[\/tex] e  [tex]a,b\\in\\{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9\\}[\/tex], para que a soma [tex]9+7+a+b+9+7[\/tex] seja divis\u00edvel por [tex]9[\/tex] temos duas situa\u00e7\u00f5es poss\u00edveis: [tex]\\boxed{a+b=4}\\,[\/tex] ou [tex]\\,\\boxed{a+b=13}\\,[\/tex] e, com isso, temos onze op\u00e7\u00f5es para [tex]N[\/tex], escritas a seguir, j\u00e1 devidamente ordenadas: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>[tex]N=970497[\/tex]<\/li>\n<li>[tex]N=974097[\/tex]<\/li>\n<li>[tex]N=971397[\/tex]<\/li>\n<li>[tex]N=973197[\/tex]<\/li>\n<li>[tex]N=972297[\/tex]<\/li>\n<li>[tex]N=974997[\/tex]<\/li>\n<li>[tex]N=979497[\/tex]<\/li>\n<li>[tex]N=975897[\/tex]<\/li>\n<li>[tex]N=978597[\/tex]<\/li>\n<li>[tex]N=976797[\/tex]<\/li>\n<li>[tex]N=977697[\/tex].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Para cada op\u00e7\u00e3o devemos verificar o [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{\\textbf{Lembrete (II)}}[\/tex].<br \/>\n[tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{(i)}[\/tex] [tex]N=970497[\/tex]<br \/>\n Observe que<\/p>\n<table style=\"border: 2px solid #ffffff; width:64%; height:auto;text-align:center;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;\">\n<tr>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000 \"> [tex]9[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border: 2px solid #ffffff\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000 \"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border: 2px solid #ffffff\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000 \"> [tex]0[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border: 2px solid #ffffff\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000\"> [tex]4[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border: 2px solid #ffffff\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000\"> [tex]9[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border: 2px solid #ffffff\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\" style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000\"> [tex]7[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td  align=\"center\"> posi\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]6[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"> posi\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]5[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"> posi\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]4[\/tex] <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"> posi\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]3[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"> posi\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]2[\/tex]  <\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\"><\/td>\n<td  align=\"center\">posi\u00e7\u00e3o [tex]1[\/tex] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>e [tex](7+4+7)-(9+0+9)=18-18=0[\/tex]. Como [tex]0[\/tex] \u00e9 divis\u00edvel por [tex] 11[\/tex], ent\u00e3o [tex]N=970497[\/tex] \u00e9 divis\u00edvel por [tex]11[\/tex].<br \/>\nConsequentemente, [tex]N=970497[\/tex] \u00e9 divis\u00edvel por [tex]99[\/tex].<br \/>\nComo [tex]970497[\/tex] \u00e9 o menor n\u00famero de seis algarismos que satisfaz as condi\u00e7\u00f5es do problema e n\u00e3o existem n\u00fameros com menos algarismos que satisfa\u00e7am tais condi\u00e7\u00f5es, a resposta do problema \u00e9 [tex]\\,\\fcolorbox{black}{#eee0e5}{$N=970497$}\\,.[\/tex]<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"g2\" style=\"line-height:20px;\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o elaborada pelos <strong>Moderadores do Blog<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Problema (Indicado a partir do 7\u00ba ano do E. F.) (VI Olimp\u00edada Rioplatense &#8211; Adaptado) Qual \u00e9 o menor m\u00faltiplo natural de [tex]99[\/tex] que come\u00e7a e termina com [tex]97[\/tex]? Lembretes [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{\\textbf{(I)}}[\/tex] Um n\u00famero natural \u00e9 divis\u00edvel por [tex]9[\/tex] se, e somente se, a soma dos valores absolutos de seus algarismos resulta em um n\u00famero divis\u00edvel &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/problemao-multiplos-de-99\/\">Continue lendo<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":721,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-onecolumn.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-161416","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate","item-wrap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/161416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/721"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=161416"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/161416\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":196960,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/161416\/revisions\/196960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=161416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}