{"id":147119,"date":"2020-03-10T00:52:45","date_gmt":"2020-03-10T03:52:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?page_id=147119"},"modified":"2024-06-24T22:27:54","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T01:27:54","slug":"problema-para-ajudar-na-escola-um-angulo-em-um-quadrado","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/problema-para-ajudar-na-escola-um-angulo-em-um-quadrado\/","title":{"rendered":".Problema para ajudar na escola: Um \u00e2ngulo em um quadrado"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"g2\" ><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?p=220734\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">&#9999; <span style=\"color:#A0522D;font-size:14px;\">Link do problema para dispositivos da <em>Apple<\/em>.<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:25px;\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:20px; margin-bottom: 10px;\">Problema<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:12px;color:#00BF00\"> (A partir do 9\u00ba ano do E. F. &#8211; <span style=\"font-weight: normal;\"> N\u00edvel de dificuldade: Muito Dif\u00edcil<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n(<strong>XXXII OPM <\/strong>&#8211; 2014) Em um quadrado [tex]ABCD[\/tex], [tex] M[\/tex]  e [tex]N[\/tex] s\u00e3o pontos dos lados [tex]\\overline{AD}~ [\/tex]  e [tex]~\\overline{CD}[\/tex], respectivamente, tais que os \u00e2ngulos [tex]B\\hat{M}A[\/tex] e [tex]N\\hat{M}D[\/tex] medem [tex]60^\\circ.[\/tex]<br \/>\n<strong>Calcule a medida do \u00e2ngulo [tex]M\\hat{B}N.[\/tex]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:40px\">\n<div class=\"cb36 g1\" style=\"margin:30px;line-height:30px; width:90%; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/menino.jpg\" style=\"border:none\"  alt=\"explicador_p\" width=\"80\" height=\"96\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1001\" \/> <\/p>\n<p class=\"c3 ti3\" style=\"line-height:20px; margin-bottom: 10px;\"> Ajuda para a Solu\u00e7\u00e3o 1 <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/definindo1.png\" style=\"border:0px;\" alt=\"definindo1\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-60371\" \/><span class=\"c3\" style=\"font-size: 25px;\"> &#10000; <\/span><strong>Defini\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> Seja [tex]ACB[\/tex] um tri\u00e2ngulo ret\u00e2ngulo com catetos e hipotenusa com comprimentos [tex]a,\\, b,\\, h[\/tex], respectivamente. Seja [tex]\\theta[\/tex] a medida em graus de um dos \u00e2ngulos agudos desse tri\u00e2ngulo, [tex]0^{\\circ} \\lt\\theta\\lt 90^{\\circ}[\/tex].<br \/>\nChamamos de <em>cosseno de<\/em> [tex]\\theta[\/tex], e denotamos por [tex]cos\\, \\theta[\/tex], a raz\u00e3o entre os comprimentos do cateto adjacente a [tex]\\theta[\/tex] e da hipotenusa: [tex]\\boxed{ cos\\, \\theta=  \\dfrac{b}{h}}.[\/tex]<br \/>\n<span class=\"c3\" style=\"font-size: 25px;\"> &#10000; <\/span> No estudo da trigonometria, alguns \u00e2ngulos s\u00e3o bastante utilizados e devido \u00e0  frequ\u00eancia com que eles surgem em problemas e \u00e0 import\u00e2ncia que eles t\u00eam para a Geometria s\u00e3o denominados <strong> \u00e2ngulos not\u00e1veis <\/strong> ou <strong> \u00e2ngulos especiais<\/strong> ou, ainda, <strong> \u00e2ngulos fundamentais<\/strong>. S\u00e3o eles os \u00e2ngulos com medidas iguais a: [tex]30^\\circ[\/tex], [tex] 45^{\\circ} [\/tex] e [tex]60^\\circ[\/tex]. Os cossenos desses \u00e2ngulos s\u00e3o:<br \/>\n[tex] \\qquad \\qquad  cos\\, 30^{\\circ}=\\dfrac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\quad ;  \\quad  cos\\, 45^{\\circ}=\\dfrac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\quad  ;\\quad  cos\\, 60^{\\circ}=\\dfrac{1}{2}[\/tex].<br \/>\n<span class=\"c3\" style=\"font-size: 25px;\"> &#10000; <\/span> Se dois tri\u00e2ngulos t\u00eam ordenadamente congruentes dois lados e o \u00e2ngulo por eles definido, ent\u00e3o estes tri\u00e2ngulos s\u00e3o congruentes. pelo caso <strong>L.A.L.<\/strong>. <span style=\"font-size:12px;\"> (Se voc\u00ea n\u00e3o se lembra dos casos de congru\u00eancia entre tri\u00e2ngulos, clique <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/?p=92799\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Sala de leitura sobre congru\u00eancia de tri\u00e2ngulos.\" >AQUI<\/a><\/strong>.)<\/span>.<br \/>\n<span class=\"c3\" style=\"font-size: 25px;\"> &#10000; <\/span>A soma das medidas dos \u00e2ngulos internos de um tri\u00e2ngulo \u00e9 [tex]180^\\circ[\/tex].<br \/>\n<span class=\"c3\" style=\"font-size: 25px;\"> &#10000; <\/span> <strong>Nota\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> Denotaremos o segmento definido por dois pontos, digamos [tex]X[\/tex] e  [tex]Y[\/tex], por [tex]\\overline{XY}[\/tex] e o seu comprimento por [tex]XY[\/tex].<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:40px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:32px;\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:30px; margin-bottom: 10px;\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o 1 <\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p>Prolonguemos os lados [tex]\\overline{BA}[\/tex]  e [tex]\\overline{CD}[\/tex], de modo que [tex]D[\/tex]  e [tex]A[\/tex] sejam os pontos m\u00e9dios dos segmentos prolongados [tex]\\overline{EC}[\/tex]  e [tex]\\overline{FB}[\/tex], respectivamente, conforme ilustra a figura a seguir. Observe que, como [tex]ABCD[\/tex] \u00e9 um quadrado, ent\u00e3o [tex]ADEF[\/tex] tamb\u00e9m o \u00e9. <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"438\" height=\"249\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-146818\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391.png 438w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391-300x171.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 438px) 100vw, 438px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Como os tri\u00e2ngulos [tex]ABM[\/tex] e [tex] AFM[\/tex] t\u00eam um \u00e2ngulo reto, um lado comum e um lado com mesmo comprimento, eles s\u00e3o congruentes. Dessa forma, os \u00e2ngulos [tex]B\\hat MA[\/tex] e [tex]A \\hat M F[\/tex] t\u00eam a mesma medida: [tex]60^\\circ[\/tex], e com isso, conclu\u00edmos que nos pontos [tex]F,M[\/tex] e [tex]N[\/tex] s\u00e3o colineares.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_2.png\" style=\"border:none\"  alt=\"\" width=\"445\" height=\"251\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-146831\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_2.png 445w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_2-300x169.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Com isso, a medida do \u00e2ngulo [tex]M\\hat F A[\/tex] \u00e9 [tex]180^\\circ-90^\\circ-60^\\circ=30^\\circ[\/tex] e, consequentemente, a medida de [tex]E\\hat F N[\/tex] \u00e9:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\boxed{90^\\circ-30^\\circ=\\color{#FF00FF}{60^\\circ}}\\,.[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_3.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"433\" height=\"248\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-146834\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_3.png 433w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_3-300x172.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 433px) 100vw, 433px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Observe o tri\u00e2ngulo ret\u00e2ngulo  [tex]FEN[\/tex] e veja que<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\qquad cos\\left(N\\hat F E \\right)=\\dfrac{1}{2}=cos\\, 60^\\circ=\\dfrac{EF}{FN}[\/tex];<br \/>\nassim, segue que:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\qquad FN=2EF=2FA=FB.[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_4.png\" style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"258\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-146843\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_4.png 482w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_4-300x161.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 482px) 100vw, 482px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Dessa forma, conclu\u00edmos que o tri\u00e2ngulo [tex]FNB[\/tex] \u00e9 is\u00f3sceles e, com isso obtemos que a medida do \u00e2ngulo [tex]F\\hat B N [\/tex] \u00e9:<br \/>\n [tex]\\qquad \\boxed{\\dfrac{180^\\circ-30^\\circ}{2}=\\color{#0000FF}{75^\\circ}\\,} .[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_6.png\"  style=\"border:none\"  alt=\"\" width=\"445\" height=\"252\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-146854\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_6.png 445w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_6-300x170.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Por outro lado, observando o tri\u00e2ngulo [tex]BMA[\/tex], podemos concluir que a medida do \u00e2ngulo [tex]FBM[\/tex] \u00e9:<br \/>\n [tex]\\qquad \\boxed{180^\\circ-30^\\circ-\\left(60^\\circ+60^\\circ\\right)=\\color{#009900}{30^\\circ}\\,} .[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_7.png\"  style=\"border:none\"  alt=\"\" width=\"468\" height=\"258\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-146856\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_7.png 468w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_7-300x165.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 468px) 100vw, 468px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Finalmente, temos que a medida [tex]\\textcolor{#FF0000}{\\theta}[\/tex], em graus, do \u00e2ngulo [tex]M\\hat{B}N[\/tex] \u00e9 dada por:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\qquad \\textcolor{#FF0000}{\\theta}=75^\\circ-30^\\circ = \\fcolorbox{black}{#ffd3d3}{$45^\\circ$}\\,.[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_8.png\"  style=\"border:none\" alt=\"\" width=\"440\" height=\"248\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-146869\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_8.png 440w, https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_8-300x169.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/><\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"g2\" style=\"line-height:20px;\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o elaborada pelos <strong>Moderadores do Blog<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:40px\">\n<div class=\"cb36 g1\" style=\"margin:30px;line-height:30px; width:90%; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/menino.jpg\" style=\"border:none\"  alt=\"explicador_p\" width=\"80\" height=\"96\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1001\" \/> <\/p>\n<p class=\"c3 ti3\"> Ajuda para a Solu\u00e7\u00e3o 2<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/definindo1.png\" style=\"border:0px;\" alt=\"definindo1\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-60371\" \/><span class=\"c3\"> <strong>(1)<\/strong> <\/span><strong>Defini\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> Seja [tex]ACB[\/tex] um tri\u00e2ngulo ret\u00e2ngulo com catetos e hipotenusa com comprimentos [tex]a,\\, b,\\, h[\/tex], respectivamente. Seja [tex]\\theta[\/tex] a medida em graus de um dos \u00e2ngulos agudos desse tri\u00e2ngulo, [tex]0^{\\circ} \\lt\\theta\\lt 90^{\\circ}[\/tex].<br \/>\nChamamos de <em>tangente de<\/em> [tex]\\theta[\/tex], e denotamos por [tex]tg\\, \\theta[\/tex], a raz\u00e3o entre os comprimentos do cateto oposto e do cateto adjacente a [tex]\\theta[\/tex]: [tex]\\boxed{ tg\\, \\theta=  \\dfrac{a}{b}}.[\/tex]<br \/>\n<span class=\"c3\"> <strong>(2)<\/strong> <\/span> No estudo da trigonometria, alguns \u00e2ngulos s\u00e3o bastante utilizados e devido \u00e0  frequ\u00eancia com que eles surgem em problemas e \u00e0 import\u00e2ncia que eles t\u00eam para a Geometria s\u00e3o denominados <strong> \u00e2ngulos especiais<\/strong> ou <strong> \u00e2ngulos fundamentais<\/strong>. S\u00e3o eles os \u00e2ngulos com medidas iguais a: [tex]30^\\circ[\/tex], [tex] 45^{\\circ} [\/tex] e [tex]60^\\circ[\/tex]. As tangentes desses \u00e2ngulos s\u00e3o:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\qquad   tg\\, 30^{\\circ}=\\dfrac{\\sqrt{3}}{3} \\quad ; \\quad  tg\\, 45^{\\circ}=1\\quad;  \\quad  tg\\, 60^{\\circ}=\\sqrt{3}[\/tex]<br \/>\ne, em um tri\u00e2ngulo ret\u00e2ngulo,  esses tr\u00eas \u00e2ngulos s\u00e3o os \u00fanicos \u00e2ngulos que possuem tais tangentes.<br \/>\n<span class=\"c3\"> <strong>(3)<\/strong> <\/span> A soma das medidas dos \u00e2ngulos internos de um tri\u00e2ngulo \u00e9 [tex]180^\\circ[\/tex].<br \/>\n<span class=\"c3\" style=\"font-size: 25px;\"> &#10000; <\/span> <strong>Nota\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> Denotaremos o segmento definido por dois pontos, digamos [tex]X[\/tex] e  [tex]Y[\/tex], por [tex]\\overline{XY}[\/tex] e o seu comprimento por [tex]XY[\/tex].\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:40px\">\n<div class=\"g1n\" style=\"line-height:32px;\">\n<p class=\"tit\" style=\"line-height:20px; margin-bottom: 10px;\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o 2<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:12px;color:#0000FF\"> (Indicada a partir do 1\u00ba ano do E. M.)<\/span> <\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 30px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<p>Vamos fazer uma figura inicial contendo os dados do problema e as medidas dos \u00e2ngulos [tex]A \\hat B M[\/tex], [tex]M \\hat N D[\/tex] e [tex]N \\hat M B[\/tex], obtidas utilizando a Ajuda <span class=\"c3\"> <strong>(3)<\/strong> <\/span> e o fato de os pontos  [tex]A[\/tex], [tex]M[\/tex] e [tex]D[\/tex] serem colineares. Na figura, denotamos as medidas em graus dos \u00e2ngulos [tex]M \\hat B N[\/tex] e [tex]N \\hat B C[\/tex] por [tex]\\theta[\/tex] e [tex]\\alpha[\/tex], respectivamente.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/prob391_9.png\" style=\"border:0px;\"alt=\"\" width=\"288\" height=\"297\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-147047\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Agora, aplicando a defini\u00e7\u00e3o dada na Ajuda <span class=\"c3\"> <strong>(1)<\/strong> <\/span> aos tri\u00e2ngulos ret\u00e2ngulos [tex]MAB[\/tex], [tex]NDM[\/tex] e [tex]BCN[\/tex], utilizando a   Ajuda <span class=\"c3\"> <strong>(2)<\/strong><\/span> e denotando o comprimento dos lados do quadrado [tex]ABCD[\/tex] por [tex]l[\/tex] segue que:<\/p>\n<table style=\"border:0px; text-align:justify; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;width:99%\">\n<tr>\n<td class=\"bf\"><strong>(a)<\/strong><br \/>\n[tex]\\;\\sqrt{3}=tg\\, 60^\\circ=  \\dfrac{AB}{MA}\\\\<br \/>\n\\; MA=\\dfrac{AB}{\\sqrt{3}} \\\\<br \/>\n\\; MA=\\dfrac{l}{\\sqrt{3}}. \\qquad\\textcolor{#800000}{(i)}[\/tex]<br \/>\nAssim,<br \/>\n[tex]\\; DA=DM+MA\\\\<br \/>\n\\; DM=DA-MA\\\\<br \/>\n\\; DM\\stackrel{\\textcolor{#800000}{(i)}}{=}l-\\dfrac{l}{\\sqrt{3}}.\\quad\\textcolor{#800000}{(ii)}[\/tex]\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\" style=\"border-left: solid 2px #800000\"><strong>(b)<\/strong><br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\sqrt{3}=tg\\, 60^\\circ=  \\dfrac{DN}{DM}\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad DN=DM \\cdot\\sqrt{3}\\,.\\\\<br \/>\n\\,[\/tex]<br \/>\nPor [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{(ii)}[\/tex], temos que:<br \/>\n[tex]\\; DN=\\left(l-\\dfrac{l}{\\sqrt{3}}\\right)\\cdot\\sqrt{3}\\\\<br \/>\n\\; DN=\\sqrt{3}\\,\\,l-l. \\quad\\textcolor{#800000}{(iii)}[\/tex]<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:10px\">\n<p>Dessa forma,<br \/>\n[tex]\\; DC=DN+NC\\\\<br \/>\n\\; NC=DC-DN\\\\<br \/>\n\\; NC\\stackrel{\\textcolor{#800000}{(iii)}}{=}l-\\left(\\sqrt{3}\\,\\,l-l\\right)\\\\<br \/>\n\\; NC=2l-\\sqrt{3}\\,\\,l.\\quad\\textcolor{#800000}{(iv)}[\/tex]\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\" style=\"border-left: solid 2px #800000\"><strong>(c)<\/strong><br \/>\n[tex]\\; tg\\, \\alpha=  \\dfrac{NC}{CB}\\\\<br \/>\n\\; tg\\, \\alpha\\stackrel{\\textcolor{#800000}{(iv)}}{=}  \\dfrac{2l-\\sqrt{3}\\,\\,l}{l}\\\\<br \/>\n\\; tg\\, \\alpha=2-\\sqrt{3}. \\quad\\textcolor{#800000}{(v)}<br \/>\n[\/tex]\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>Observe que<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\alpha+\\theta+30^\\circ=90^\\circ[\/tex];<br \/>\nlogo,<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad \\alpha+\\theta=60^\\circ[\/tex],<br \/>\ndonde<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad tg\\left(\\alpha+\\theta\\right)=tg\\, 60^\\circ=\\sqrt{3}[\/tex].<br \/>\nDessa forma, utilizando a f\u00f3rmula da tangente da soma e a igualdade [tex]\\textcolor{#800000}{(v)}[\/tex], obtemos que:<br \/>\n[tex]\\qquad tg\\left(\\alpha+\\theta\\right)=\\sqrt{3}\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad \\dfrac{tg\\, \\alpha+tg\\, \\theta}{1-tg\\,\\alpha \\cdot tg\\, \\theta}=\\sqrt{3}\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad \\dfrac{\\left(2-\\sqrt{3}\\right)+tg\\, \\theta}{1-\\left(2-\\sqrt{3}\\right) \\cdot tg\\, \\theta}\\stackrel{\\textcolor{#800000}{(v)}}{=}\\sqrt{3}\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad 2-\\sqrt{3}+tg\\, \\theta=\\sqrt{3}\\cdot\\left(1-2\\,tg\\,\\theta+\\sqrt{3}\\, tg\\, \\theta\\right)\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad 2-\\sqrt{3}+tg\\, \\theta=\\sqrt{3}-2\\sqrt{3}\\,tg\\,\\theta+3\\, tg\\, \\theta\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad 2-\\sqrt{3}-\\sqrt{3}=-2\\sqrt{3}\\,tg\\,\\theta+3\\, tg\\, \\theta-tg\\, \\theta\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad 2-2\\sqrt{3}=2\\, tg\\, \\theta-2\\sqrt{3}\\,tg\\,\\theta\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad 2-2\\sqrt{3}=tg\\, \\theta\\cdot \\left(2-2\\sqrt{3}\\right)\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad\\cancel{ 2-2\\sqrt{3}}=tg\\, \\theta\\cdot \\cancel{ \\left(2-2\\sqrt{3}\\right)}\\\\<br \/>\n\\qquad \\boxed{tg\\,\\theta=1}\\,.[\/tex]<br \/>\nAssim, pela observa\u00e7\u00e3o final da Ajuda <span class=\"c3\"><strong>(2)<\/strong><\/span>, conclu\u00edmos finalmente que a medida do \u00e2ngulo [tex]M\\hat{B}N[\/tex] \u00e9 [tex] \\,\\fcolorbox{black}{#ffd3d3}{$45^\\circ$}\\,.[\/tex]<\/p>\n<hr style=\"height:1px; width:100%;background-color:#800000; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px;border: 0 none\"\/>\n<p class=\"g2\" style=\"line-height:20px;\">Solu\u00e7\u00e3o elaborada pelos <strong>Moderadores do Blog<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:20px\">\n<table style=\" height:auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;width:640px;\">\n<tr>\n<td class=\"bf\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1001 alignright\" style=\"border: 0px;\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/menino.jpg\" width=\"80\" height=\"115\" \/><\/td>\n<td class=\"bf\">\n<p class=\"fala\" style=\"width:520px;background-color: #FFF5EE; padding:10px; font-family: calibri; font-size: 13px;color: #1C1C1C; line-height: 20px; \"> Se for conveniente, voc\u00ea pode obter um arquivo PDF desta p\u00e1gina, com o problema e a solu\u00e7\u00e3o, clicando no bot\u00e3o abaixo.<br \/>\nVoc\u00ea pode abrir o arquivo diretamente no seu navegador (<em>Chrome<\/em>, <em>Edge<\/em>, <em>Firefox<\/em>, <em>Safari<\/em>, entre outros), mas tamb\u00e9m pode utilizar o software gratuito <em><strong>Adobe Acrobat Reader<\/strong><\/em>.<br \/>\nCaso o dispositivo que voc\u00ea est\u00e1 utilizando n\u00e3o tenha o <strong><em>Acrobat Reader<\/em><\/strong> instalado, \u00e9 s\u00f3 clicar <a href=\"http:\/\/get.adobe.com\/br\/reader\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>AQUI<\/strong><\/a> para fazer o download adequado ao seu dispositivo.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div style=\" float:right;  width: 100px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center; border-style: dotted; border-color :#FFFAFA; border-width :thin; width:90px;  height:40px;  padding: 5px; background-color: #800000;\">\n<a href=\"http:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Um-\u00e2ngulo-em-um-quadrado_c.pdf\" title=\" Arquivo PDF\" download=\"Clubes_ Um \u00e2ngulo em um quadrado.pdf\"><span style=\"color: #FFFAFA; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Arquivo <\/strong><\/span><\/a>\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#9999; Link do problema para dispositivos da Apple. Problema (A partir do 9\u00ba ano do E. F. &#8211; N\u00edvel de dificuldade: Muito Dif\u00edcil) (XXXII OPM &#8211; 2014) Em um quadrado [tex]ABCD[\/tex], [tex] M[\/tex] e [tex]N[\/tex] s\u00e3o pontos dos lados [tex]\\overline{AD}~ [\/tex] e [tex]~\\overline{CD}[\/tex], respectivamente, tais que os \u00e2ngulos [tex]B\\hat{M}A[\/tex] e [tex]N\\hat{M}D[\/tex] medem [tex]60^\\circ.[\/tex] Calcule a &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/problema-para-ajudar-na-escola-um-angulo-em-um-quadrado\/\">Continue lendo<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-onecolumn.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-147119","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate","item-wrap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/147119","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=147119"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/147119\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":220736,"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/147119\/revisions\/220736"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clubes.obmep.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}